परिभाषा
Laryngoscopy is the visual exam of the voice box (larynx) and the vocal cords. There are two main kinds:
Indirect laryngoscopy —uses mirrors to examine the larynx and hypopharynx (a portion of the passageway to the lungs and stomach)
Direct laryngoscopy —uses a special instrument, most often a flexible scope
प्रक्रिया के कारण
Laryngoscopy is used to examine and diagnose problems inside the throat. It is most often done:
- To diagnose the cause of a persistent cough, bloody cough, hoarseness, throat pain, or bad breath
- To evaluate reasons for difficulty swallowing
- To evaluate a possible cause for persistent earache
- To remove a foreign object
- To visualize a mass in the throat
संभावित जटिलताएँ
If you are planning to have a laryngoscopy, your doctor will review a list of possible complications, which may include:
- दर्द
- Vomiting and gagging
- अत्यधिक सूजन या रक्तस्राव
- Cuts on the bottom of the tongue from stretching it over the teeth
- Bleeding from the nose if the scope is passed through the nose
- एनेस्थीसिया से संबंधित समस्याएं
क्या उम्मीद करें
प्रक्रिया से पहले
Your doctor may do some of the following:
- शारीरिक परीक्षा
- छाती का एक्स - रे
- Barium swallow —a series of x-rays of the larynx and esophagus that are taken after drinking a barium-containing liquid
- सीटी स्कैन - एक प्रकार का एक्स-रे जो शरीर के अंदर की तस्वीरें लेने के लिए कंप्यूटर का उपयोग करता है
आपकी प्रक्रिया से पहले:
- Arrange for a ride to and from the procedure if a general anesthetic or sedation is given.
- If you will have general anesthesia, you will probably be told not to eat or drink anything for eight hours before the exam. For office procedures under local anesthesia, there is no need to fast.
अपनी दवाओं के बारे में अपने डॉक्टर से बात करें। आपको प्रक्रिया से एक सप्ताह पहले तक कुछ दवाएं लेने से रोकने के लिए कहा जा सकता है, जैसे:
- एस्पिरिन या अन्य सूजनरोधी दवाएं
- क्लोपिडोग्रेल (प्लाविक्स) या वारफेरिन (कौमडिन) जैसे रक्त पतले
बेहोशी
Local or general anesthesia may be used for a laryngoscopy. Local anesthesia will numb the throat. With general anesthesia, you will be asleep.
प्रक्रिया का विवरण
During either type of laryngoscopy, photographs may be taken.
Indirect Laryngoscopy
You will sit up straight in a high-back chair. A headrest will push your head and jaw forward. The anesthesia will be sprayed into your throat. You will need to gargle it and spit it out. Your tongue will be covered with gauze and held by the doctor. You will then need to breathe through your mouth as if panting. A warm mirror will be held at the back of the throat. The doctor will ask you to make an “eee” sound. The doctor will watch the larynx as you make the noise. If there is a foreign object, such as a chicken bone, it can be removed then.
Direct Fiberoptic Laryngoscopy
The direct method is most often done after the indirect method. The direct method will allow the doctor to see a greater area. The direct method may also be used if your gag reflex did not allow a thorough exam during the indirect method. A special scope will be inserted through your nose or mouth and into your throat. Through an eyepiece on the scope, the doctor will examine the larynx. The doctor may then collect specimens, remove growths, or retrieve a foreign object trapped in the throat. This method is often done in the operating room under general anesthesia or in the office under local anesthesia.
इसमें कितना समय लगेगा?
An indirect laryngoscopy only takes a few minutes. A direct laryngoscopy takes about 5–45 minutes, depending on the problem.
क्या यह चोट पहुंचाएग?
Anesthesia will prevent pain during the procedure. With a direct method, you may have a sore throat for a few days if a biopsy was done.
पश्चात की देखभाल
If any tissue was removed, it will be sent to be examined.
अपने डॉक्टर के निर्देशों का पालन करना सुनिश्चित करें, जिसमें निम्न शामिल हो सकते हैं:
- Do not smoke for 24 hours after the procedure. Smoke irritates the throat.
- Do not try to swallow until your gag reflex returns. Spit out saliva and secretions. The gag reflex should return in about two hours. At this time, throat lozenges or a liquid gargle will help decrease hoarseness and throat irritation. Drinking water is encouraged.
- If a biopsy was taken, avoid clearing your throat or coughing.
The doctor may discuss the results and treatment options or refer you to a specialist. Biopsy results may take about 3-5 days.
अपने डॉक्टर से पूछें कि कब नहाना, स्नान करना या पानी में भिगोना सुरक्षित है।
अपने डॉक्टर को बुलाओ
घर पहुंचने के बाद, निम्न में से कोई भी होने पर अपने डॉक्टर से संपर्क करें:
- बढ़ता हुआ दर्द
- Coughing up, spitting out, or vomiting blood
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
- बुखार और ठंड लगने सहित संक्रमण के लक्षण
- कर्कश आवाज
- खांसी, सांस की तकलीफ, सीने में दर्द या गंभीर मतली या उल्टी
आपातकालीन स्थिति में तुरंत चिकित्सा सहायता के लिए कॉल करें।