परिभाषा
Social anxiety disorder is the intense fear of social situations. People with social anxiety disorder:
- Avoid interactions with other people
- Are extremely afraid of being judged negatively by others
- Feel humiliated, embarrassed, and inadequate more easily than others
Social anxiety may be:
- Generalized to all social interactions
- Specific to certain social situations, such as public speaking
Social anxiety disorder is much more severe than shyness. It can interfere with work, school, or other situations, as well as cause physical symptoms.
का कारण बनता है
The exact cause is unknown. Possible causes include:
- Genetic factors
- Problems with the regulation of chemicals in the brain
- Past emotional trauma in social situations
जोखिम कारक
Factors that increase your chance for social anxiety disorder include:
- Age: adolescence and early adulthood
- Other psychiatric disorders (such as anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, or drug abuse)
लक्षण
Symptoms during social interactions may include:
- लालित
- बहुत ज़्यादा पसीना आना
- हिलता हुआ
- Dry throat and mouth
- Muscle twitches
- Intense anxiety
- तेज़ दिल की धड़कन
- Lightheadness (feeling like you are going to faint)
Symptoms may begin in any public situation such as:
- Being teased or criticized
- Being the center of attention
- Meeting new people
- Interacting with authority figures
- Interacting with members of the opposite sex
- Eating, writing, or speaking in public
- Using public toilets
निदान
Your doctor will ask about your fears and symptoms. A physical exam may be done. You may be referred to a mental health therapist. The therapist may do a psychiatric evaluation.
उपचार
उपचार में शामिल हैं:
संज्ञानात्मक व्यावहारजन्य चिकित्सा
During cognitive-behavioral therapy, the therapist may:
- Help you change your negative thought patterns and behaviors
- Teach you techniques to help you control anxiety symptoms (eg, deep breathing, visualization, meditation)
- Suggest changes to your social environment to minimize stress
- Gradually expose you to feared situations in a controlled environment
A support group may also be part of your treatment.
दवा
आपका डॉक्टर सुझा सकता है:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or other antidepressants—to help relieve symptoms of anxiety and depression
- Beta-blockers—to stop the physical symptoms of panic and anxiety (has been used to relieve the performance anxiety that often occurs with social anxiety disorder)
Your doctor may try using other medicines to help control your symptoms. Examples include:
- एन्ज़ोदिअज़ेपिनेस
- Anticonvulsants
रोकथाम
There are no guidelines for preventing social anxiety disorder. But early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications, जैसे कि:
- Drug abuse
- अवसाद
- Difficulties at school, work, or in your personal life