परिभाषा
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disorder marked by physical and emotional symptoms. It affects women 1-2 weeks before the beginning of their menstrual period.

प्रागार्तव

का कारण बनता है

While the exact cause is not known, PMS may be related to certain factors (eg, environmental, metabolic, or behavioral factors) that may make a woman more vulnerable to the hormonal changes that occur during menstruation.

जोखिम कारक

Factors that may increase the risk of PMS include:

  • Age: 25-40
  • Going off birth control pills
  • Major life stress
  • अवसाद

लक्षण

लक्षणों में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

  • चिड़चिड़ापन
  • मिजाज
  • चिंता
  • अवसाद
  • Diminished self-esteem
  • मुश्किल से ध्यान दे
  • Sleep problems
  • Appetite changes (eg, sugar and/or salt cravings, overeating)
  • भार बढ़ना
  • थकान
  • सूजन
  • सिरदर्द
  • Breast swelling and tenderness
  • धड़कन
  • चक्कर आना
  • Gastrointestinal upset
  • Muscle pain

Symptoms usually improve when bleeding starts (menstrual period).

निदान

आपका डॉक्टर आपके लक्षणों और चिकित्सा इतिहास के बारे में पूछेगा। शारीरिक परीक्षण भी किया जाएगा.

You will be asked to keep a detailed record of your monthly physical and emotional symptoms. If caused by PMS, these symptoms will likely occur 1-2 weeks before your menstrual period. You may have PMS if symptoms occur at the same phase of the menstrual cycle each month.

उपचार

उपचार के विकल्पों में शामिल हैं:

Stress Management

Stress may be managed through lifestyle changes. Relaxation techniques, deep breathing, massage, music, and hot baths can also help reduce stress.

आहार परिवर्तन

Dietary changes may be helpful. Your doctor may recommend that you decrease your intake of salt, sugar, and caffeine. Eating small, frequent meals may also help.

Vitamins and Minerals

The following vitamin and mineral supplements might reduce PMS symptoms:

  • Vitamin E (400 IU) —may reduce breast tenderness
  • Calcium (1,000 mg) —may decrease bloating, depression, and aches
  • Magnesium (400 mg) —may decrease pain, fluid retention, and improve mood
  • Manganese (6 mg) —may help control symptoms of menstrual pain

Talk to your doctor before you take any supplements.

Regular Exercise

Exercising throughout the week may help to reduce your symptoms.

दवाएं

Your doctor may recommend medicine, such as:

  • Diuretics to reduce bloating and fluid retention.
  • Pain reliever to relieve cramps, headaches, and muscle aches
  • Birth control pills to reduce physical symptoms
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors to reduce emotional symptoms

मनोचिकित्सा

Women with severe PMS symptoms (called premenstrual dysphoric disorder) may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy. Therapy may reduce negative emotions and enhance problem-solving skills in relationships. It may also manage obstacles, frustrations, and discomfort.

रोकथाम

To help reduce your chance of getting PMS, take the following steps:

  • Manage stress.
  • Eat a healthy diet, one that is low in saturated fat and rich in whole grains and fruits and vegetables.
  • Consume less refined sugar, salt, and caffeine.
  • Do regular aerobic exercise.
Scroll to Top