बाल कोशिका ल्यूकेमिया

का कारण बनता है

The exact cause of HCL is unknown.

जोखिम कारक

HCL occurs more often in men. It also occurs more often in people over the age of 50.

लक्षण

HCL usually develops slowly over time. Early on, there may not be any symptoms. The cancer cells eventually overgrow the bone marrow. This affects the growth of normal cells (eg, red blood cells and platelets) causing symptoms like:

• Anemia (low levels of red blood cells)
• Bleeding (low platelet levels)

अन्य लक्षणों में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

• बढ़ी हुई प्लीहा
• बढ़ा हुआ जिगर
• Recurrent infections (often with a fever)
• आसान आघात
• रात का पसीना
• सूजी हुई लसीका ग्रंथियां

निदान

डॉक्टर आपके लक्षणों और चिकित्सा इतिहास के बारे में पूछेंगे। एक शारीरिक परीक्षा ली जाएगी। परीक्षण में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

• रक्त परीक्षण
• अस्थि मज्जा बायोप्सी
• कंप्यूटेड टोमोग्राफी (सीटी) स्कैन

उपचार

HCL is a slow-growing cancer. It does not require aggressive treatment early on. As HCL progresses, treatment may include:

• Surgery— A splenectomy may need to be done to remove an enlarged spleen.
• Chemotherapy—This is the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. It may be given in many forms. This includes pill, injection, and via a catheter. The drugs enter the bloodstream and travel through the body.
• Immunotherapy—Drugs (eg, interleukin-2, interferon) are used to help boost the immune system to better fight and destroy cancer cells.
• Bone marrow transplant—Bone marrow is destroyed with high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. The bone marrow is then replaced with healthy bone marrow from a donor.
• Blood transfusion—A blood transfusion may be done to treat anemia.
• Antibiotics or other medicines to fight infection

रोकथाम

There are no guidelines for preventing HCL.