परिभाषा
Fainting is a loss of consciousness that happens quickly and sometimes without warning. A fainting episode usually resolves within seconds to minutes. If fainting is caused by another condition, then the condition will need to be treated.
का कारण बनता है
In general, fainting is caused by decreased blood flow to the brain.
Decreased blood flow to the brain can be caused by:
Most commonly, vasovagal spells. Vasovagal spells can occur:
- During medical procedures
- During times of high stress, trauma, or fright
- After standing still for a long period of time
चिकित्सा दशाएं:
- Orthostatic hypotension, low blood pressure when standing
- निर्जलीकरण
- रक्ताल्पता
- Hypoglycemia, which is low blood sugar
- Seizure
- Stroke or transient ischemic attack
- असामान्य हृदय ताल
- Heart conditions
- Blood loss
Fainting can also occur as a side effect to medications. These include:
- रक्तचाप की दवाएं
- Medications to regulate heart rhythms
- Diuretics
- Certain antidepressants
जोखिम कारक
Factors that increase your risk of fainting include having a history of fainting.
लक्षण
लक्षणों में शामिल हो सकते हैं:
- अचानक चेतना का खो जाना
- Inability to remain standing or sitting
- Consciousness regained without any need for intervention
- Dizziness or lightheadedness before losing consciousness
मुझे अपने डॉक्टर को कब बुलाना चाहिए?
Call your doctor if you are having episodes of fainting. This is especially important if you:
- Have a heart condition
- Have a job where you or others may be at risk if you faint. Examples include airline pilot, bus driver,or machinist.
When Should I Call for Medical Help Immediately?
Call for medical help or go to the emergency room right away if you have:
- Weakness or numbness of face, arm, or leg, especially on the left side of the body
- भ्रम
- Loss of balance, coordination problems
- नज़रों की समस्या
- भयंकर सरदर्द
- Rapid, irregular heartbeat; chest pain
निदान
आपका डॉक्टर आपके लक्षणों और चिकित्सा इतिहास के बारे में पूछेगा। एक शारीरिक परीक्षा ली जाएगी।
परीक्षण में शामिल हो सकते हैं:
- रक्त परीक्षण
- इलेक्ट्रोकार्डियोग्राम (ईकेजी)
- होल्टर निगरानी
- सीटी स्कैन
- Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- एमआरआई
- इकोकार्डियोग्राम
- Tilt table testing
- MR angiogram and CT angiogram
उपचार
Treatment will depend on the underlying condition that has caused fainting. This may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgery.
If you are diagnosed as having fainted, follow your doctor’s instructions.
रोकथाम
If you are prone to fainting:
- Know the warning signs. If you feel that you are going to faint, sit or lie down right away.
- Get up slowly and carefully from lying down. Start by sitting up for a minute and then stand up.
- अधिक मात्रा में तरल पदार्थ पीओ।
- Discuss dietary changes with your doctor.
- Avoid using alcohol or other drugs.
There are certain physical maneuvers that rapidly raise blood pressure and blood flow to the brain. They are called physical counterpressure maneuvers. When these are done during warning signs, you may be able to prevent fainting. Examples include:
- Crossing your legs while tensing the muscles of legs, abdomen, and buttocks.
- Forcefully squeezing a rubber ball or other object as hard as possible. Try to use your dominant hand.
- Gripping one hand with the other while tensing both arms and raising the elbows slightly.