परिभाषा

A duodenal ulcer is a sore in the lining of the intestine. The first part of the small intestine, just past the stomach, is called the duodenum.

Treatment may include antibiotics, medications that heal the ulcer and protect the intestine, and lifestyle changes. Surgery may be needed for ulcers that bleed, obstruct, perforate, or don’t heal with other treatments.

ग्रहणी फोड़ा

का कारण बनता है

Upsets in the balance of stomach acid and digestive juices can lead to an ulcer. This can be caused by:

  • हैलीकॉप्टर पायलॉरी (H. pylori) infection
  • Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Less common causes include:

जोखिम कारक

Factors that increase your chances of duodenal ulcer include:

  • H. pylori infection
  • Taking NSAIDs for a long time and at higher doses
  • Prior peptic ulcer disease
  • सिगरेट पीना
  • शराब का दुरुपयोग

लक्षण

Duodenal ulcers do not always cause symptoms. Symptoms may come and go. Food or fluids sometimes make symptoms better. Having an empty stomach may make symptoms worse. However, symptoms can occur at any time.

लक्षणों में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

  • Gnawing pain:
    • May awaken you from sleep
    • May change when you eat
    • May last for a few minutes or several hours
    • Feels like unusually strong hunger pangs
    • May be relieved by taking antacids
  • Nausea
  • उल्टी करना
  • भूख में कमी
  • सूजन
  • Burping
  • वजन घटना

Ulcers can cause serious problems and severe abdominal pain. One problem is bleeding. Bleeding symptoms may include:

  • Bloody or black, tarry stools
  • Vomiting what looks like coffee grounds or blood
  • कमजोरी
  • चक्कर

A perforated ulcer is a break through the wall of the duodenum. It causes sudden and severe pain.

निदान

आपका डॉक्टर आपके लक्षणों और चिकित्सा इतिहास के बारे में पूछेगा। एक शारीरिक परीक्षा ली जाएगी।

परीक्षण में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

  • Rectal exam and stool guaiac test
  • Blood test, stool test, or breath test
  • एंडोस्कोपी
  • Upper GI series
  • बायोप्सी
  • Measurement of bile acid in the small intestine

उपचार

Talk to your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. उपचार का विकल्प may include one or more of the following:

दवा

आपका डॉक्टर सुझा सकता है:

  • Antibiotics if an infection is present or possible
  • Over-the-counter antacids
  • Proton pump inhibitors
  • H-2 blockers
  • Medications to coat ulcer
  • Medications to protect stomach against NSAID damage

जीवन शैली में परिवर्तन

You and your doctor will discuss lifestyle changes. These may include:

  • Quit smoking. Smoking worsens symptoms and slows healing.
  • Limit alcohol intake.
  • Avoid NSAIDs. This includes over-the-counter drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen.

Surgery and Endoscopy

Surgery and/or endoscopy may be recommended for:

  • An ulcer that won’t heal
  • Recurring ulcers
  • A bleeding ulcer
  • A perforated ulcer
  • Problems with food passing out of stomach

एंडोस्कोपी

This may be done to stop bleeding. A thin, lighted tube is inserted down the throat into the stomach or intestine. Heat, electricity, epinephrine, or a substance called fibrin glue can then be applied to the area. This should stop the blood flow.

सर्जरी

Surgery for duodenal ulcers is rare, but it can greatly reduce acid production. Common procedures include:

  • Removal of the ulcer
  • Removal of part of the stomach or small intestine, and creating a new connection between the them
  • Tying off the bleeding blood vessel
  • Taking tissue from another part of the intestine and oversewing the ulcer
  • Cutting part of the nerve to reduce acid production

रोकथाम

To reduce your chance of getting H. pylori infection:

  • Wash your hands after using the bathroom and before eating or preparing food.
  • Drink water from a safe source.
  • Don’t smoke. Cigarette smoking increases the chances of getting an ulcer.

To reduce your chance of getting a duodenal ulcer from NSAIDs:

  • Use other drugs when possible for managing pain.
  • Take the lowest possible dose.
  • Don’t take drugs longer than needed.
  • Don’t drink alcohol while taking the drugs.
  • Ask your doctor about switching to medicines less likely to cause ulcers. Talk to your doctor about taking other drugs to protect your stomach and intestine lining.
  • Don’t smoke. Cigarette smoking increases the chances of getting an ulcer.

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