परिभाषा

Colon polyps are growths on the lining of the colon or rectum. The colon and the rectum are parts of the large intestine. It is all part of the digestive system.

The two most common kinds of polyp are:

  • Adenomatous polyps—can become larger over time and may develop into cancer
  • Hyperplastic polyps—do not increase in size and only rarely become cancerous

कोलन पॉलीप्स

का कारण बनता है

The cause of colon polyps is unknown. It may be partly due to hereditary factors. There is a genetic condition called polyposis coli. It causes thousands of adenomatous polyps throughout the bowel.

जोखिम कारक

Risk factors for colon polyps include:

  • Age: over 50 years
  • Family members with colon polyps or colon cancer
  • History of colorectal cancer or cancer of the large intestine
  • Weight gain and obesity

लक्षण

Symptoms are often not present. Polyps are only found during an endoscopy or x-ray. If symptoms are present, they can include:

  • मलाशय से रक्तस्राव
  • Diarrhea, constipation, and/or bloating that lasts over a period of time
  • Abdominal pain, rarely

निदान

डॉक्टर आपके लक्षणों और चिकित्सा इतिहास के बारे में पूछेंगे। एक शारीरिक परीक्षा ली जाएगी। परीक्षण में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

  • Your doctor may need to examine your rectum and colon and waste products. This can be done with:
    • Stool test
    • डिजिटल रेक्टल परीक्षा
    • Sigmoidoscopy
    • colonoscopy
  • You may need to have pictures taken of your colon. This can be done with a barium enemaand x-ray.
  • You may need to have tissue samples tested for cancer cells. This can be done with a biopsy.

उपचार

Depending on the size of the polyp, it may be removed. Large polyps are at high risk for becoming cancerous. They should be removed. Usually, polyps can be removed by colonoscopy.

If the polyps are very large, you may need to have surgery to have them removed. Your doctor may send the tissue from the removed polyps to be tested for cancer.

रोकथाम

It’s not clear how polyps can be prevented. However, the following guidelines can help you stay healthy and may help prevent not only polyps but also colon cancer:

  • Eat a high fiber diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Reduce the amount of animal fat in your diet. This occurs in beef and other meat products as well as full-fat dairy products.
  • नियमित रूप से व्यायाम करें।
  • स्वस्थ वजन बनाए रखें.
  • धूम्रपान से बचें.
  • See your doctor for regular screenings after the age of 50.
  • More frequent screenings may be needed if polyps are found.

 

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