The lymphatic system is a complex network of tubes (lymphatic vessels), glands (or lymph nodes) and other organs including the spleen. The vessels and glands hold a fluid called lymph. The lymphatic system has a number of functions. It drains waste products and excess fluid from different parts of thebody and moves them to the blood stream to be processed.It also conveys nutrients and cells. The lymphatic system is also part of the immune system, or the body’s natural defence against infection. The lymph carries white blood cells called lymphocytes, which help us to fight infection. We have lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels throughout our body. Often the lymph nodes are found in groups, particularly under the arms, in the neck and in the groin.
Lymphoma Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, the body’s disease-fighting network. The lymph system is made up of many cells and organs, including the lymph nodes, thymus gland, spleen, and liver. This system produces B-Cells and T-Cells lymphocytes, which make up your body’s immune system. These are spread throughout your body, much like your blood vessels. In lymphoma, lymphocytes start to multiply in an abnormal way and begin to collect in certain parts of the lymphatic system, such as the lymph nodes. Since these cells travel between the lymphatic and circulatory system while fighting infections and viruses, lymphomas are blood-related cancers The affected lymphocytes lose their infection-fighting properties, making you more vulnerable to infection.
Lymphoma Cancer: Causes & Symptoms
Lymphoma is a type distinguished by the presence of a particular kind of cancer cell called a Reed Stern Berg cell. The first sign of this cancer is often an enlarged lymph node which appears with out a known cause. The disease can spread to near by lymph nodes and later may spread to the lungs, liver or bone marrow. Cancer is ultimately the result of cells that uncontrollably grow and do not die. Normal cells in the body follow an orderly path of growth, division and death. Programmed cell death is called apoptosis, and when this process breaks down, cancer results. Scientists do not know exactly what causes lymphoma, but they have identified several potential risk factors. According to latest reports of patient’s recovery the success rate of lymphoma surgery in India is good due to availability of advanced medical infrastructure at Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. The symptoms of lymphoma are mainly found in males and mostly between age group of 40-55. Risk factor also includes family history, history of infectious mono nucleo sis or infection with Epstein Barr virus, a causative agent of mono nucleo sis, weakened immune system, including infection with HIV or the presence of AIDS, pro longed use of human growth hormone. Lymphoma surgery in India is very cost effective. Indian doctors provide 24/7 hours of medical care and hospital staffs of India are devoted to the welfare of their patients.
Patients suffering from lymphoma are offered lymphoma surgery in India at Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai from the best cancer surgeons. The symptoms of lymphoma are quite varied and depend on where the cancer is located, where it has spread and how big the tumor is? Lymphoma usually first starts with swellings in the neck, under arms or groin. Additional swellings may occur where other lymph nodes are located such as in the spleen. In general, enlarged lymph nodes can encroach on the space of blood vessels, nerves or the stomach, leading to swollen arms and legs, to tingling and numbness or to feelings of being full, respectively. People with lymphoma some times experience fever, night sweats and weight loss. They can al so have itching and fatigue. Some people have Pel Eb stein fever, an unusual pattern of high temperature for several days alternating with normal or below normal temperature for days or weeks. Other symptoms may develop, depending on where the cancerous cells are growing. For example, enlargement of lymph nodes in the chest may partially narrow and irritate air ways, resulting in a cough, chest discomfort or shortness of breath. Enlargement of the spleen or lymph nodes in the abdomen may cause discomfort in the abdomen. Indian health care system is advanced and cost effective so getting lymphoma surgery in India would be cost effective, providing assured recovery from lymphoma cancer disorder.
Lymphoma Surgery in India: Medical Diagnosis
Patients suffering from lymphoma are offered lymphoma surgery in India at Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai from the best cancer surgeons. Indian health care system is advanced and cost effective so getting lymphoma surgery in India would be cost effective, providing assured recovery from lymphoma cancer disorder. Doctors suspect lymphoma when a person with no apparent infection develops persistent and painless enlargement of lymph nodes that lasts for several weeks. The suspicion is stronger when lymph node enlargement is accompanied by fever, night sweats and weight loss. Rapid and painful enlargement of lymph nodes—which may occur when a person has a cold or infection—is not typical of lymphoma. Some times enlarged lymph nodes deep within the chest or abdomen are found unexpectedly on a chest x ray or CT scan done for an other reason. Abnormalities in blood cell counts and other blood tests may pro vide supportive evidence. How ever, to make the diagnosis, doctors must per form a biopsy of an affected lymph node to see if it is abnormal and if Reed Stern Berg cells are present. Reed Stern Berg cells are large cancerous cells that have more than one nucleus. Their distinctive appearance can be seen when a biopsy specimen of lymph node tissue is examined under a micro scope. India is one of the finest places if you need lymphoma surgery with comfortable medical recuperation.
Indian medical tourism services will definitely guide you well for finding an experienced doctor or hospital for your lymphoma surgery in India. The type of biopsy depends on which node is enlarged and how much tissue is needed. Doctors must re move enough tissue to be able to distinguish lymphoma from other disorders that can cause lymph node enlargement. Occasionally, when an enlarged lymph node is close to the body’s surf ace, a sufficient amount of tissue can be obtained by inserting a hollow needle through the skin and into the lymph node (needle biopsy). When an enlarged lymph node is deep inside the abdomen or chest, surgery may be needed to obtain a piece of tissue. The biopsy tissue can also be tested using modern techniques to determine the exact type of cells involved. Other tests may include a physical exam including examining the lymph nodes, collecting a medical history and history of symptoms, a complete blood work up including checks for abnormal blood cell count (numbers of white and red blood cells), blood chemistry and abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), a gallium scan to check for radio active intake of gallium in the lymph system indicating swelling and ultimately disease. Lymphoma surgery in India is a very successful surgery and many foreign patients are going through this procedure.
What are the Diagnosis methods for Lymphomas
The hospitals in India use latest technology and methods for the proper Diagnosis of Lymphomas. India is the most preferred option as it has state of the art Hospitals and the best qualified doctors that are comparable with any of the western countries. Lymphoma treatment in India is available at most competitive and affordable prices. You can avail the benefit of Lymphoma treatment in India with utmost care and professionalism. It is estimated that 75-80 per cent of health care services and investment in India are now provided sector.
The Diagnosis methods for Lymphoma in India re as follows:
Physical Exam: The initial Diagnosis method for Lymphoma is Physical Examination. If a person has symptoms of Lymphoma or notices a lump or swelling, the doctor will perform a complete physical exam. This includes checking the lymph nodes Small, bean-shaped organs located throughout the body along the vessels of the lymphatic system. The lymph nodes filter impurities from the body and store white blood cells that fight infection and other diseases. Clusters of lymph nodes are found in the underarms, groin, neck, chest, and abdomen.
Blood Tests: It may rule out infections and other types of disease. The blood will also be checked to see if Lymphoma disease in which any of the body’s cells begin to divide out of control, causing a tumor to form or too many of these cells to spread throughout the body. Cells or cancer-related enzymes are present. Other factors in the blood, such as anemia
Imaging Tests: Imaging test are the most important Diagnosis method for Lymphomas. The doctor will probably order imaging tests that can view inside the body, such as:
- X-rays.
- CT (computed tomography) scan.
- MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) scan .
- Lymphangiogram a test using a special dye that makes the lymph nodes and vessels show up on an x-ray.
Biopsy: A biopsy tells whether a lump or swollen gland is truly a Lymphoma. To do a biopsy, the doctor will surgically remove a small sample of tissue and a pathologist A doctor who identifies diseases by studying cells and tissues under a microscope looks at it under a microscope. Cancer cells look a certain way under the microscope, which allows the pathologist to identify them.
What are the different types of Lymphoma – blood related Cancer?
Lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects our lymphatic system. There are main groups of lymphoma: Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. These two groups encompass about 30 different types of lymphoma.
There are two main types of lymphoma: Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non Hodgkin’s lymphoma. While both types of cancer develop in the same way, the single factor that distinguishes the two is a single type of cell – the Reed Sternberg cell. This cancerous cell type is found only in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and can be distinguished from other types of Lymphoma by the way it appears under a microscope. Furthermore, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non Hodgkin’s lymphoma grow and spread in different ways. If a lymphoma diagnosis is made and does not contain the Reed-Sternberg variant, the cancer can then only be Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: It is also called as Hodgkin’s disease; Hodgkin’s lymphoma is cancer of the lymph tissue found in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: It covers a far more broad range of cancer cells. There are about 30 different types of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. These types of lymphoma can be difficult to diagnose as there are so many types. The most common subtypes of non-Hodgkin’s lymphopma are:
T-Cell Lymphomas
- Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
- Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
- Enteropathy type T-cell lymphoma
- Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
- Anaplastic large T/null-cell lymphoma
- Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma
- Unspecified T-cell lymphoma
B-cell Lymphoma
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma
- Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas – mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas
- Follicular lymphoma
- Mantle cell lymphoma
- Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma
- Burkitt lymphoma
- Hairy cell leukemia
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma
- Splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma
- Lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma
- Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma
The treatment of Lymphoma cancer in India facilitates a world class, high quality and affordable medical treatment. India is a leading player in the medical I various kinds of medical ailments for the foreign patients. It is increasingly emerging as the destination of choice for a wide range of medical procedures. The Lymphoma treatment in India comes with a large pool of doctors, nurses, and support staff ensuring individualized care. All medical investigations are conducted using the latest, technologically advanced and cutting edge diagnostic equipment. International patients have come with their medical issues and have returned with a smile on their faces.
Lymphoma Surgery in India: Procedure
Indian health care system is advanced and cost effective so getting lymphoma surgery in India would be cost effective, pro viding assured recovery from lymphoma cancer disorder and health care professionals in Indiahave been recognized for their talents. Treatment planning of Lymphoma surgery takes into account the type of Lymphoma, the stage of the disease, whether it is likely to grow slowly or rapidly and the general health and age of the patient. Low grades Lymphomas include small lymph o cytic, follicular small cleaved and follicular mixed cells. For low grade Lymphomas, which usually grow very slowly and cause few symptoms, the doctor may wait until the disease shows signs of spreading before starting treatment. Although low grade Lymphomas grow slowly and respond readily to chemo therapy, they al most in variably re turn and are generally regarded as in curable. The long term out come has not been favorably affected by the use of inter mediate chemo therapy. Single agent or combination chemo therapy or radiation therapy may be required when the disease progresses or begins to cause symptoms. Inter mediate grade includes follicular large cells, diffuse small cleaved, diffuse mixed cells and diffuse large cells. The chance of recovery and choice of treatment depend on the stage of the Cancer, age and over all condition. What ever the origin, the features that best predict the prognosis and guide decisions about therapy are the size, shape and pattern of the lymphocytes as seen microscopically. Inter mediate and high grade Lymphomas are curable. Treatment for intermediate or high grade Lymphomas usually involves chemo therapy, with or with out radiation therapy. In addition, surgery may be needed to re move a large tumor. Combination chemo therapy is al most al ways necessary for successful treatment. Chemo therapy a lone, or abbreviated chemo therapy and radiation, cure 70 to 90 percent of patients with limited (Stages I and II) inter mediate grade Lymphoma. Advanced (Stages III and IV) disease can be eradicated in about 50 percent of patients. Medical treatment in India at cities of Delhi, Mumbai and Goa is cost effective and of good quality. The cost of lymphoma surgery in India is low and the medical operation protocols are according to inter nation al surgery guide lines. One can enjoy medical tourism in India and get health care amenities from renowned medical surgeons. Post operative medical care after getting surgery in India is of less time and with out any complications.
Lymphoma Surgery in India: Health care Benefits and Cost Analysis
Day by day every thing is be coming more expensive specially the cost of medical health care facilities. The cost of lymphoma surgery in India is very less as compare to the other countries like the US, UK and Canada. It is not possible for a common person to afford such a high price of lymphoma surgery in their own native country. If you need afford able health care or lymphoma surgery, you can get it from advanced health care centers in India at Mumbai, Chennai, Delhi and Pune which are hi tech, modern, effective & safe. Inter nation al medical tourism gets you afford able lymphoma surgery in India from a licensed, experienced and skilled medical doctor who can give you the quality health care you need. India is one of the best and leading destinations for complex medical procedures like lymphoma surgery for all patients and medical tourists from destinations like America and Europe. Medical treatment in India is one of the most exciting options for those who want health recuperation at lower charges. Getting it from with trained surgeons and enjoying the most modernized health care facilities. One of the most popular Asian countries for re location is India. The country has a rich historical and cultural background. Tourist destinations in India are really fine to visit for patients from foreign destinations. In recent year’s health care and cancer treatment in India has made great progress with the hiring of foreign trained cancer surgeons at oncology hospitals of Delhi, Mumbai and Hyderabad so lymphoma cancer patients from all over the world are choosing to get lymphoma surgery in India. As an out patient and medically invasive procedure lymphoma surgery is being operated at Indian Hospitals by experienced cancer surgeons and doctors with all the required medical treatment amenities and good hospital care. The total cost of the medical trip, including lodging and surgeon’s fee for lymphoma surgery in India is very less up to 42% than the price charged in Canada, Europe and the U.S.
Post Surgery Precautions
When you wake up after the surgery, you will probably have a few tubes in place. These are an intra venous infusion to give you liquid and drain age tubes from the wound to help it heal. Your nurse will take your drip out as soon as you can start eating and drinking again. This may take a couple of days. Your doctor will listen to your abdomen with a stetho scope. As soon as the doctor can hear your bowel working again, you will be able to start taking sips of water. The drain age tubes usually stay in as long as they carry on draining fluid. Gradually you will work up to eating and drinking normally and the nurses will help you to get up and gently move around as soon as possible and this will help you to get better and make complications such as chest infections or blood clots much less likely. You can usually go home a few days after this type of surgery and you will need to have your stitches out in about 2 weeks after your operation.
