সংজ্ঞা
Urethritis is an inflammation, infection, or irritation of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder.
কারণসমূহ
Urethritis is usually caused by bacteria or viruses, including:
- Organisms that cause bladder or kidney infections:
- E. coli
- Klebsiella
- Organisms that cause sexually transmitted diseases (STDs):
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Trichomonas vaginalis
- Viruses such as herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, or human papillomavirus
- Other bacteria:
- Ureaplasma urealyticum
- Mycoplasma genitalium
ঝুঁকির কারণ
Risk factors that increase your chance of getting urethritis include:
- লিঙ্গ: মহিলা
- একাধিক যৌন সঙ্গী
- Recent change in sexual partners
- অরক্ষিত যৌনতা (কনডম ব্যবহার ছাড়া)
- History of other STDs
- Bacterial infection of other parts of the urinary tract (bladder, kidney, prostate)
- Medications that lower resistance to bacterial infection
- Having catheters or tubes placed in the bladder
- Acidic foods
- Spermicides
লক্ষণ
People with urethritis may not have symptoms, especially women. About half of men infected with chlamydia have no symptoms.
উপসর্গ অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:
- প্রস্রাব করার সময় ব্যথা এবং/অথবা জ্বালা
- প্রস্রাবে রক্ত
- প্রস্রাব বৃদ্ধি:
- ফ্রিকোয়েন্সি
- জরুরী
- Itching, swelling, and/or tenderness in the groin
- Pain during sex
- পুরুষদের মধ্যে:
- লিঙ্গ থেকে স্রাব
- Blood in the semen
- বীর্যপাতের সময় ব্যথা
- ফোলা এবং/অথবা কোমল অণ্ডকোষ
If left untreated, urethritis can spread and cause infection in other parts of the urinary tract such as the bladder, ureters, or kidneys.
রোগ নির্ণয়
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. It will include a pelvic exam. Urethritis is usually diagnosed from its symptoms. Tests to confirm the diagnosis and identify the organism causing the condition may include:
- Urethral swab for microscopic study or culture
- রক্ত এবং প্রস্রাব পরীক্ষা
- Specific tests for gonorrhea, chlamydia, or other STDs
চিকিৎসা
Urethritis is usually treated with medication. The type of medication will depend on the cause of the urethral infection:
- Antibiotics—to treat urethritis caused by bacteria
- Antiviral drugs—to treat urethritis caused by a virus
If urethritis is caused by an STD, all sexual partners should be tested and treated.
প্রতিরোধ
Steps to prevent urethritis include:
- Practicing safe sex by using condoms and barrier methods of contraception
- Urinating immediately after having sexual intercourse
- Treating all sexual partners who are infected or exposed
- Regularly drinking plenty of fluids, especially cranberry juice