সংজ্ঞা
Tendons connect muscle to bone and help move joints. Tendinopathy is an injury to the tendon. These injuries tend to occur in tendons near joints such as knee, shoulder, and ankle. The injuries can include:
- Tendinitis—an inflammation of the tendon. Although this term is used often, most cases of tendinopathy are not associated with significant inflammation.
- Tendinosis—microtears (tiny breaks) in the tendon tissue with no significant inflammation.
The following tendons are often involved:
- Achilles —back of heel
- Rotator cuff in the shoulder
- Biceps in the shoulder
- Wrist extensors near the elbow, on the outside
- Wrist flexors near the elbow, on the inside
- Patellar tendon, which is attached to the kneecap
Tendinopathy and the associated pain may take months to resolve. You may need medication for pain relief.
কারণসমূহ
টেন্ডিনোপ্যাথি is caused by overuse of a muscle-tendon unit. The strain on the tendon causes very tiny tears that accumulate over time. These tears cause pain and can eventually change the structure of the tendon.
Overuse can be the result of doing any activity too much, such as:
- Sport activities
- Physical labor, especially those with repetitive motions
- Housework
ঝুঁকির কারণ
Tendinopathy is more common in women than in men. Factors that may increase your chance of getting tendinopathy include:
- Muscle imbalance
- Decreased flexibility
- অতিরিক্ত ওজন
- অগ্রসর বয়স
- Alignment abnormalities of the leg
লক্ষণ
উপসর্গ অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:
- Pain, particularly with activity
- Decreased motion of related joints
- Local swelling
রোগ নির্ণয়
ডাক্তার আপনার লক্ষণ এবং চিকিৎসা ইতিহাস সম্পর্কে জিজ্ঞাসা করবে। একটি শারীরিক পরীক্ষা সম্পন্ন করা হবে।
If your symptoms are severe your doctor may need some images of the tendon and bone. Imaging tests may include:
- এক্স-রে
- এম.আর. আই স্ক্যান
চিকিৎসা
Treatment depends on:
- লক্ষণগুলির তীব্রতা
- The tendon involved
- Length of time symptoms have lasted
আপনার জন্য সেরা চিকিত্সা পরিকল্পনা সম্পর্কে আপনার ডাক্তারের সাথে কথা বলুন। বিকল্প অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:
- Avoiding the activity that is responsible
- Reduce shock vibration on the joint
- Rest for the affected tendon
- Ice after activity
- Cast or splint for immobilization of the affected area
- Counterforce brace over the painful tendon
- Shoe orthotics for foot alignment problems
Your doctor or physical therapist may recommend exercises or a rehabilitation program.
ঔষধ
To manage pain or swelling, your doctor may recommend:
- ওভার-দ্য-কাউন্টার ব্যথা উপশমকারী, যেমন অ্যাসিটামিনোফেন বা নন-স্টেরয়েডাল অ্যান্টি-ইনফ্লেমেটরি ওষুধ (NSAIDs)
- প্রেসক্রিপশন ব্যথা উপশমকারী
- Topical pain relievers, such as creams or patches that are applied directly to the skin
A medication call cortisone may be used. It can be injected into the sheath around the tendon.
প্রতিরোধ
To prevent tendinopathy:
- Gradually work yourself into shape for a new activity.
- Gradually increase the length of time and intensity of activities.
- If you have a tendon that has been a problem, gradually stretch out that muscle/tendon unit.
- Strengthen the muscle to which the tendon is attached.
- If you have pain, do not ignore it. Early treatment can prevent the problem from becoming serious.
- Learn to back off from activities if you are tired or not used to the activity.
- Warm-up the affected area before activity.