সংজ্ঞা

Sjogren’s syndrome is an inflammatory disease. The immune system destroys cells in exocrine glands. It occurs most often the tear and salivary glands. It is a lifelong condition. There are two types:

  • Primary Sjogren’s syndrome—occurs alone
  • Secondary Sjogren’s syndrome—occurs with other rheumatic conditions such asrheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus)

Sjogres Syndrome

কারণসমূহ

The causes of Sjogren’s are unknown. Contributing factors may include:

  • ভাইরাল সংক্রমণ
  • বংশগতি
  • হরমোন

ঝুঁকির কারণ

Factors that increase your risk for Sjogren’s include:

  • লিঙ্গ: মহিলা
  • Age: 40-60 years old
  • Other rheumatic or autoimmune diseases

লক্ষণ

উপসর্গ অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:

  • Red, burning, itching, and/or dry eyes
  • শুষ্ক মুখ
  • গিলতে অসুবিধা
  • Loss of taste and smell
  • Dry skin, nose, throat, and/or lungs
  • Swollen salivary glands
  • Severe dental cavities caused by dry mouth
  • Oral yeast infections
  • যোনি শুষ্কতা
  • চামড়া লাল লাল ফুসকুড়ি
  • জয়েন্ট এবং পেশী ব্যথা
  • ক্লান্তি

In some cases, other parts of the body are affected as well. These include:

  • Blood vessels
  • The nervous system
  • Organs such as the lungs, liver, pancreas, kidneys, and thyroid

Anti Ro antibodies are often present with Sjogren’s. These may cross to the baby during pregnancy. In some cases, they can cause neonatal lupus or infant heartblock.

রোগ নির্ণয়

This disease can affect many areas on your body. You may have to see several specialist before a final diagnosis is made. Dry eyes and mouth also increase with age. They can also be caused by medicine. The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.

পরীক্ষা অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:

  • Blood tests—including rheumatoid factor and other tests used to detect and monitor autoimmune diseases
  • বুকের এক্স-রে—এমন একটি পরীক্ষা যা বিকিরণ ব্যবহার করে শরীরের ভিতরের কাঠামোর ছবি তুলতে, এই ক্ষেত্রে ফুসফুস
  • Lip biopsy —removal of a sample of lip tissue to look for inflammation in the accessory salivary glands located there
  • Schirmer test—placement of small pieces of paper between the lower eyelid and eyeball to see how much moisture is being produced
  • Slit-lamp examination—a detailed exam of the eye with an adjustable light
  • Urine test—to check kidney function

চিকিৎসা

There is no cure for Sjogren’s. No treatment can restore the ability of the glands to produce moisture. Patients with Sjogren’s have an increased incidence of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. They should be screened aggressively. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms.

চিকিত্সা অন্তর্ভুক্ত:

ঔষধ

To help relieve dryness:

  • Artificial tears, artificial saliva, and vaginal lubricants
  • Pilocarpine —ocular and oral dryness
  • Cevimeline —requires less frequent dosing than pilocarpine, may cause nausea

To relieve joint and muscle pain:

  • Aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

To relieve inflammation / swelling:

  • Plaquenil —antimalarial drug with anti-inflammatory properties
  • স্টেরয়েড
  • Methotrexate —a steroid-sparing agent

জীবনধারা পরিমাপ

  • Mild exercise can help relieve stiffness in the joints.
  • To help relieve dry mouth, sip liquids often and suck on sugar-free candies.
  • Brush, floss, and see your dentist regularly. This can help to prevent cavities.
  • Use nonscented moisturizers to help relieve dry skin.

This condition is generally benign. However, people with severe cases are at increased risk for developing lymphoma. This is a cancer of the white blood cells. Your doctor will need to monitor you for this.

প্রতিরোধ

There are no guidelines for preventing Sjogren’s syndrome. The cause is unknown.

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