সংজ্ঞা
Labyrinthitis is swelling and irritation in the inner ear. It occurs in the labyrinth of the ear. This is a system of cavities and canals. They affects hearing, balance, and eye movement.
কারণসমূহ
Labyrinthitis may be caused by:
- Viral or bacterial infection
- Head injury
- Disease of blood vessels
- স্ট্রোক
- Nerve problems
- Autoimmune রোগ
- Side effects of drugs, including:
- কিছু অ্যান্টিবায়োটিক
- অ্যাসপিরিন
- Quinine—may be used for malaria treatment
ঝুঁকির কারণ
Factors that increase your risk for labyrinthitis include:
- Current or recent viral infection (especially a respiratory infection)
- এলার্জি
- ধূমপান
- Drinking too much alcohol
- মানসিক চাপ
লক্ষণ
The symptoms can range from mild to severe and last for days or many weeks. Symptoms are usually temporary, but rarely, can become permanent.
The most common symptoms are:
- Vertigo (spinning sensation)
- মাথা ঘোরা
অন্যান্য উপসর্গ অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:
- ক্লান্তি
- বমি বমি ভাব এবং বমি
- শ্রবণ ক্ষমতার হ্রাস
- Involuntary eye movement
- Ringing in the ear (tinnitus)
রোগ নির্ণয়
The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Initial diagnosis is based on the symptoms and the results of your exam.
পরীক্ষা অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:
- Examination of the middle ear for signs of a viral or bacterial infection
- Neurologic examination
- Maneuvers for evaluating for other causes of dizziness (Dix-Hallpike maneuver)
- শ্রবণ পরীক্ষা
- Electronystagmogram—a test of eye movement
- CT scan or MRI scan —to look at structures in the head
চিকিৎসা
চিকিত্সা অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:
ওষুধ
Medication to control the symptoms, including:
- Antiemetics—to control nausea and vomiting
- Vestibular suppressants—to limit loss of balance and dizziness
- Steroids—in limited situations, to help control inflammation
Anti-viral medication may be given if a virus is involved. Antibiotics may be given if a bacterial infection in involved.
বিঃদ্রঃ: Without antibiotic treatment, labyrinthitis caused by a bacterial infection can lead to permanent hearing loss or balance problems.
Self-care Measures
Some steps to help you manage your symptoms include:
- Rest, lie still with your eyes closed in a darkened room during acute attacks.
- Avoid movement, especially sudden movement, as much as possible.
- Avoid reading.
- Resume normal activities gradually after the symptoms have cleared.
Vestibular Exercises (Vestibular Rehabilitation)
Your doctor may suggest specific vestibular exercises. These exercises use a series of eye, head, and body movements to get the body used to moving without dizziness. You may work with a physical therapist to learn these.
Emergency Treatment
In some cases, nausea and vomiting cannot be controlled. This can result in severedehydration. You may need hospitalization to receive fluids and nutrients through an IV.
সার্জারি
Rarely, labyrinthitis may be due to a break in the membranes between the middle and inner ear. Surgery to repair the break may be required. If a tumor is causing the condition, surgery may also be needed.
প্রতিরোধ
To reduce your risk of getting labyrinthitis:
- Seek prompt treatment for any ear problems or infection.
- Get medical advice on treating respiratory infections.
- Avoid head injury by wearing seat belts and safety helmets.
- Ask your doctor about side effects of any medication you are taking.
- অ্যালকোহল এড়িয়ে চলুন।
- Take steps to prevent blood vessel disease or stroke. These include:
- Eat a low fat, low cholesterol diet.
- ধূমপান করবেন না।
- If you have high blood pressure, get it treated.
- If you have diabetes, work closely with your doctor to keep it under good control.
- With your doctor’s approval, exercise regularly.