সংজ্ঞা
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne virus that leads to swelling of the brain. It can affect the central nervous system and cause severe complications, even death.
কারণসমূহ
Japanese encephalitis can occur if you are bitten by a mosquito infected with the virus.
ঝুঁকির কারণ
These risk factors increase your chance of developing Japanese encephalitis. Tell your doctor if you have any of these risk factors:
- Living or traveling in certain rural parts of Asia—According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there have been outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis in China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and Thailand. These countries have controlled the disease through vaccinations. Other countries that still have periodic epidemics include Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, India, Nepal, and Malaysia. The CDC’s Traveler’s Health website provides the latest information for international travelers.
- Being a lab worker who might be exposed to the virus
লক্ষণ
Symptoms of Japanese encephalitis usually appear 5-15 days after the bite from an infected mosquito. If you experience any of these symptoms, do not assume it is due to Japanese encephalitis. These symptoms may be caused by other conditions. Tell your doctor if you have any of these:
- আন্দোলন
- মস্তিষ্কের ক্ষতি
- ঠাণ্ডা
- কোমা
- বিভ্রান্তি
- Convulsions (especially in infants)
- জ্বর
- মাথাব্যথা
- বমি বমি ভাব
- : यदि आपको आपातकालीन एपिनेफ्रिन प्राप्त होता है, तो आपको तुरंत आपातकालीन कक्ष में जाना चाहिए, भले ही आपके लक्षण दूर हो गए हों।
- পক্ষাঘাত
- ক্লান্তি
- কম্পন
- বমি
রোগ নির্ণয়
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and do a physical exam. Tests may include the following:
- Blood tests to look for antibodies
- সিটি স্ক্যান—এক ধরনের এক্স-রে যা শরীরের ভিতরের কাঠামোর ছবি তুলতে কম্পিউটার ব্যবহার করে
- এমআরআই স্ক্যান - একটি পরীক্ষা যা শরীরের ভিতরের কাঠামোর ছবি তৈরি করতে চৌম্বকীয় তরঙ্গ ব্যবহার করে
- Cerebrospinal fluid tests
চিকিৎসা
Since there is no specific treatment for Japanese encephalitis, care is focused on treating specific symptoms and complications.
প্রতিরোধ
There is a Japanese encephalitis vaccine. It is recommended for people who live or travel in certain parts of Asia and for lab workers who are at risk of exposure to the virus.
Also, take the following measures to protect yourself from mosquito bites:
- Remain in well-screened areas.
- Wear clothes that cover most of your body.
- Use insect repellents that contain up to 30% NN-diethyl metatoluamide (DEET) on skin and clothing.