সংজ্ঞা
The endocardium is the inner lining of the heart muscle. Endocarditis is an infection of this lining and the heart valves.
কারণসমূহ
Causes of endocarditis include:
- Bacterial infection, which is the most common cause
- Viral or fungal infection
- চিকিৎসাবিদ্যা শর্ত that result in blood clotting too easily, causing a noninfectious form
ঝুঁকির কারণ
Factors that increase your risk of getting endocarditis include:
- Having an artificial heart valve
- History of endocarditis
- History of rheumatic fever, which can damage heart valves
- হার্টের ত্রুটি
- বর্ধিত হৃদয়
- Mitral valve prolapse
- History of IV drug use
- Recent procedures that can lead to bacterial endocarditis, including:
- Tooth cleaning
- Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
- ব্রঙ্কোস্কোপি
- Surgery on the gastrointestinal, urinary, or respiratory tracts
- Gallbladder or prostate surgery
লক্ষণ
Symptoms of endocarditis include:
- জ্বর, ঠান্ডা লাগা
- Weakness, low energy
- Sweatiness, especially at night
- নিঃশ্বাসের দুর্বলতা
- কাশি
- Loss of appetite, ওজন কমানো
- বুক ব্যাথা
- পেটে ব্যথা
- বমি বমি ভাব এবং বমি
- Painful red bumps on the fingers and toes
- Purple dots on the whites of the eyes, under the fingernails, and over the collarbone
- Painful red patches on the fingers, palms, and soles
রোগ নির্ণয়
The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. The doctor will check your heart for unusual heart sounds. These are calledheart murmurs.
Tests include:
- আপনার শারীরিক তরল পরীক্ষা করা যেতে পারে। এটি রক্ত পরীক্ষার মাধ্যমে করা যেতে পারে।
- Your heart may be examined. This can be done with echocardiogram.
চিকিৎসা
চিকিত্সা অন্তর্ভুক্ত হতে পারে:
- Antibiotics—given through your veins for up to 4-8 weeks
- Surgery—to repair or replace the valve if it is severely damaged or has caused heart failure
প্রতিরোধ
If you have a high risk of infection:
- You may need to take antibiotics before certain dental or medical procedures.
- Talk to your dentist or doctor before the procedure.
The American Heart Association guidelines recommend that preventive antibiotic therapy should be considered for individuals with the following cardiac conditions:
- Various forms of congenital heart disease—heart defects
- Artificial heart valves
- History of endocarditis
- Heart transplant recipients who have developed valve disease
Avoiding illegal IV drugs will also decrease your risk of infection.
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