تعريف
Fallopian tubes are tubes that lead from the ovaries to the uterus. A tubal ligation is a sterilization procedure to close the tubes.
أسباب هذا الإجراء
Tubal ligation is done to prevent pregnancy. If you have this surgery, you will still ovulate and menstruate. The cut or blocked tubes keep the egg and sperm separated. When the egg and sperm cannot meet, fertilization does not happen and pregnancy cannot occur.
This surgery is not recommended as a temporary or reversible procedure. Make sure you consider all the birth control options for you and your partner.
المضاعفات المحتملة
Problems from the procedure are rare, but all procedures have some risk. Your doctor will review potential problems like:
- العدوى
- نزيف
- المشاكل المتعلقة بالتخدير
- الأضرار التي لحقت الأجهزة الأخرى
- Ectopic pregnancy
Some factors that may increase the risk of problems include:
- التدخين
- السمنة
- جراحة سابقة في البطن
ما يمكن توقعه
قبل الإجراء
Your doctor will do a physical exam and pregnancy test.
المؤدية إلى الإجراء الخاص بك:
- You may need to stop taking some medications up to one week before the procedure, like:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen
- أدوية تسييل الدم
- الأدوية المضادة للصفائح الدموية
- في الليلة السابقة، تناول وجبة خفيفة. لا تأكل أو تشرب أي شيء بعد منتصف الليل.
التخدير
You may receive one of the following:
- General anesthesia—blocks pain and keeps you asleep through the surgery
- Spinal anesthesia—numbs the area from the chest down to the legs; given as an injection in the back
وصف الإجراء
The doctor will make a small cut in the area of the navel. A harmless gas will then be inserted through this cut and into your abdomen. The gas will inflate the abdominal cavity. This will make it easier for the doctor to see the internal organs. The doctor will then insert a long, thin tool called a laparoscope. This tool will contain a small camera and lighting system, which will let the doctor see inside the abdomen. The doctor may make a second cut just above the pubic hair to insert a tool for grasping the fallopian tubes. The tubes will be closed in one of the following ways:
- Ligation—Tying and cutting of the tube
- Sealing by creating scar tissue
- Removing a small piece of the tube
- Applying plastic bands or clips
The tools will then be removed and the openings will be closed with stitches.
In some cases, the doctor may switch to an open surgery. This involves making a larger incision.
مباشرة بعد الإجراء
You will be brought into the recovery room. You will rest there until the anesthesia wears off. You may receive pain medication.
كم من الوقت سيستغرق ؟
20-30 minutes
كم هو مؤلم ؟
Anesthesia will keep you comfortable and pain free during the procedure. You may feel bloated and have pain in your shoulder or chest because of the air inserted into your abdomen. Ask your doctor about medication to help with the pain after the procedure.
رعاية ما بعد العملية
في مركز الرعاية
You can usually go home the same day. You may need to stay longer if you have complications.
في البيت
To help ensure a smooth recovery:
- Follow your doctor’s instructions on cleaning the incision site.
- اسأل طبيبك حول, عندما هي آمنة للاستحمام, السباحة, أو نقع في الماء.
- تأكد من اتباع تعليمات طبيبك.
استدعاء الطبيب
Call your doctor if any of the following occur:
- علامات الإصابة, بما في ذلك حمى وقشعريرة
- Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or discharge from the incision sites
- Severe and continuous abdominal pain
- Nausea and vomiting lasting more than a day
- السعال، ضيق التنفس، أو ألم في الصدر
- Lightheadedness or fainting
- Pain and or swelling in one or both legs
- Heavy vaginal bleeding after the first day
- Missed menstrual period
If you have an emergency, call for medical help right away.