إجراءات القلب بمساعدة الروبوت

قبل الإجراء

Depending on the reason for your surgery, your doctor may do the following:

• اختبار بدني
• اختبارات الدم والبول
• Electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG) —a test that records the electrical currents passing through the heart muscle
• Coronary angiogram —a test to determine the extent and location of blockages of blood vessels supplying the heart muscle
• الأشعة السينية للصدر — اختبار يستخدم الإشعاع لالتقاط صورة للهياكل الموجودة داخل الصدر
• Ultrasound —a test that uses sound waves to visualize structures inside the chest
• CT scan —a type of x-ray that uses a computer to create images of structures inside the chest
• MRI scan —a test that uses magnetic waves to make pictures of structures inside the chest

قبل الإجراء:

• Talk to your doctor about your medicines. You may be asked to stop taking some medicines up to one week before the procedure, such as:
  • الأدوية المضادة للالتهابات (مثل الأسبرين)
  • Blood thinners, like clopidogrel (Plavix) or warfarin (Coumadin)
• Take antibiotics if instructed.
• Follow a special diet if instructed.
• Shower the night before using antibacterial soap if instructed.
• Arrange for someone to drive you home from the hospital. Also, have someone to help you at home.
• تناول وجبة خفيفة في الليلة السابقة. لا تأكل أو تشرب أي شيء بعد منتصف الليل.

التخدير

There are two options for anesthesia:

• General anesthesia —blocks pain and keeps you asleep through the surgery
• Local anesthesia with sedation—just the area that is being operated on is numbed, given as an injection

وصف الإجراء

The doctor will cut several keyhole openings in the spaces between the ribs. Next, the doctor will pass a small camera through one of the incisions. This small camera is called an endoscope. It will light, magnify, and project an image of the organs onto a monitor. The endoscope will be attached to one of the robotic arms. The other arms will hold instruments for grasping, cutting, dissecting, and suturing. These may include:

• Forceps
• Scissors
• Dissectors
• Scalpels

While sitting at a console near the operating table, the doctor will look through lenses. He will see magnified 3D images of the inside of the chest. Another doctor will stay by the operating table and adjust the camera and instruments. The console will have joystick hand controls and foot pedals. Using these, the doctor will guide the robotic arms and instruments. After the instruments are removed, incisions will be closed with sutures or staples.

مباشرة بعد الإجراء

After the procedure, you will be:

• Moved to the intensive care unit (ICU)
• Closely monitored
• Encouraged to sit up and move around soon after surgery

كم من الوقت سيستغرق ؟

Usually 1-4 hours (depending on the procedure)

كم هو مؤلم ؟

You will have pain and soreness during recovery. Ask your doctor about pain medicine.

متوسط ​​الإقامة في المستشفى

This procedure is done in a hospital setting. The usual length of stay is dependent on the procedure you had done. Your doctor may need to keep you longer if you have any problems.

رعاية ما بعد العملية

عند عودتك إلى المنزل، قم بما يلي للمساعدة في ضمان التعافي بسلاسة:

• Follow your doctor’s guidelines on taking medicine. You may need to take antibiotics.
• Do deep breathing and coughing exercises.
• اتبع حمية غذائية خاصة.
• Wash the incisions with mild soap and water.
• اسأل طبيبك حول, عندما هي آمنة للاستحمام, السباحة, أو نقع في الماء.
• Limit certain activities (eg, driving, strenuous activity).
• Enroll in a cardiac rehabilitation program.
• تأكد من اتباع تعليمات طبيبك.