تعريف
People with farsightedness, or hyperopia, usually have difficulty seeing objects both at distance and at near, but especially at near.
أسباب
Farsightedness is a type of refractive error, which means the shape of the eye does not bend light correctly, so images are blurred. In farsightedness, the eyeball is too short for light rays to clearly focus on the retina.
عوامل الخطر
A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition. The main factor believed to increase your risk of farsightedness is having family members who are farsighted.
الأعراض
Symptoms associated with farsightedness include:
- عدم وضوح الرؤية
- Difficulty focusing on objects that are close
- Crossing of the eyes (in children)
التشخيص
You will likely be referred to an eye specialist. He or she will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and perform an eye exam, which includes the following tests:
- Acuity—to determine the smallest letters you can read on a standardized chart
- Refractive errors—to see if your eye is not properly focusing on images
- Eyelids
- Eye muscles
- Pupil response to light
- Peripheral vision
- Pressure inside the eye
- Lens, cornea, iris, and retina
العلاج
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العدسات التصحيحية
Farsightedness can be treated using corrective lenses (eg, eyeglasses or contact lenses). Your doctor will see you at regular intervals to assess your vision and determine if your corrective lenses prescription needs to change.
جراحة الانكسار
If you elect to undergo the procedure, certain forms of farsightedness may be treated with refractive surgery. The surgeries used to treat farsightedness focus on making the cornea steeper to increase the eye’s ability to focus. The types of refractive surgeries used to treat farsightedness include laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(LASIK), epithelial LASIK (Epi-LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), and conductive keratoplasty (CK).
الوقاية
There is no known way to prevent farsightedness.