تعريف
Dysthymia is similar to depression. However, dysthymia symptoms are milder and can last over two years. It is a mild to moderate depression that may go away during periods of normal mood that last up to two months.
Dysthymia can be treated with medications. Contact your doctor if you think you have this condition.
أسباب
The cause of dysthymia is not known. A chemical in the brain called serotonin may play a role. Serotonin helps your brain handle emotions and make judgments. It is also associated with a sense of well-being.
عوامل الخطر
Dysthymia is more common in women than in men. Factors that may increase your chance of developing dysthymia include:
- Family history of major depression or dysthymia
- Chronic mental or physical illness
- Chronic stress
People who have dysthymia may also experience episodes of major depression.
الأعراض
Dysthymia may be difficult to differentiate from depression due to many overlapping symptoms which may include:
- Feelings of sadness and/or hopelessness
- Poor appetite or overeating
- صعوبة في التركيز
- Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much
- صعوبة في التركيز
- تعب
- Low self-esteem
- Difficulty functioning at work and school
التشخيص
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical and psychological exam will be given.
Your doctor may refer you to a specialist for further evaluation. Tests may be done to look for medical causes like thyroid problems.
العلاج
Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Treatment may include one or more of the following:
Antidepressant Medications
Antidepressant medications may help to إدارة الأعراض. Antidepressants take a few weeks to begin working. Take them as directed by your doctor.
العلاج النفسي
Therapy can help change unhealthy thought patterns. Psychotherapy may include:
- Cognitive behavioral therapy
- تقديم المشورة
- Family therapy
- Interpersonal therapy
Lifestyle Modifications
In addition to medications and therapy, the following lifestyle modifications may help you feel better:
- Participate in enjoyable activities.
- Eat a healthful diet.
- Avoid illegal drugs and alcohol.
- ابدأ برنامجًا آمنًا للتمارين الرياضية بناءً على نصيحة طبيبك.
- Have a regular sleep schedule.
الوقاية
There are no guidelines for preventing dysthymia.
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