تعريف

Disks lie between the spinal bones (vertebra). They serve as shock absorbers. This protects the spine and helps it stay flexible. Degenerative disk disease is wear and tear on these disks. This wear and tear causes pain and other symptoms. Some degeneration is normal as you age. Not all degeneration will result in symptoms of this disease.

مرض القرص التنكسي

أسباب

The disk is usually dehydrated, and not as resilient as normal. The fibrous tissue, which holds the disk material in place, may suffer small tears. These tears lead to further damage. There is some evidence that genetics may play a part for some people.

عوامل الخطر

Factors that may incerase your chance for degenerative disk disease:

  • زيادة العمر
  • Family history of degenerative disk disease
  • Athletic activity
  • Back injury

الأعراض

Symptoms of degenerative disk disease include:

  • Pain in the low back, buttocks, thighs, or neck
  • Pain that worsens when sitting, bending, lifting, or twisting
  • Pain that feels better when walking, changing positions, or lying down
  • Periods of severe pain that gets better after a few days or months
  • Numbness and tingling into the legs
  • ضعف في الساقين
  • Foot drop (inability to raise the foot at the ankle)

التشخيص

سوف يسألك طبيبك عن أعراضك وتاريخك الطبي. اختبار فيزياء سوف يتم. قد تشمل الاختبارات الأخرى ما يلي:

  • Blood and/or urine tests to rule out other causes of pain
  • التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي – اختبار يستخدم الموجات المغناطيسية لالتقاط صور للهياكل داخل الجسم
  • X-ray —a test that uses radiation to take a picture of structures inside the body, especially the bones
  • Discography —dye is injected into the affected spinal area to get clearer x-ray images
  • EMG/NCV-a neurophysiologic test used in some cases to evaluate nerves which may be irritated or impinged on by a disk.

العلاج

تحدث مع طبيبك حول أفضل خطة لك. خيارات العلاج يشمل:

علاج بدني

Therapy for this condition is focused on teaching you how to manage your ألم في الظهر. This may involve:

  • Posture training
  • Exercise
  • Ice packs
  • Heating
  • Electrical stimulation
  • استرخاء
  • Other forms of physical therapy

Injections

Steroid injections may be used for some short term pain relief. They are injected around the nerves exiting the spinal cord.

جراحة

Surgery may be required for some. Surgery may involve removing the degenerated disk and fusing two of the vertebra together.

الوقاية

Take the following steps to help protect your spine:

  • ابدأ برنامجًا آمنًا للتمارين الرياضية بناءً على نصيحة طبيبك.
  • يحافظ على a healthy weight.
  • If you have osteoporosis, follow your doctor’s instructions for treating the condition.

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